Protective Antioxidant Role of Citrullus lanatus Rind Extract Against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Tissue of Albino Rats
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Background: Excessive intake of monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been implicated in the induction of oxidative stress, leading to structural and functional impairment in various tissues, including the heart. Increasing attention has been directed toward naturally derived antioxidants as safer and sustainable therapeutic alternatives.
Methods: Thirty-six male albino rats were randomly allocated into six experimental groups (n = 6). Oxidative stress was induced via oral administration of MSG (8000 mg/kg body weight). Treatment groups received graded doses of Citrullus lanatus rind extract (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight) alongside a standard antioxidant (vitamin C) for 28 days. Cardiac tissue homogenates were analyzed for antioxidant indices including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vitamins C and E using established biochemical protocols.
Results: MSG exposure significantly elevated MDA levels while suppressing endogenous antioxidant enzymes (p < 0.05). Administration of Citrullus lanatus rind extract resulted in a marked reversal of these alterations, evidenced by decreased lipid peroxidation and restoration of antioxidant enzyme activities.
Conclusion: The rind extract of Citrullus lanatus demonstrates potent cardioprotective antioxidant properties and may represent a viable natural alternative in mitigating MSG-induced oxidative cardiac damage.
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